The Effect of Two Fruit Extracts and Drugs on the Liver of Albino Mice with Induced Leishmaniasis

Among 117 of the albino mice used in this study, 108 were intraperitionally infected with 100 X 106 promastigotes of Leishmania donovani (MHOM\ IQ\ 982\ BRCI) strain, while the rest groups (9) were left without infection. The inoculation of albino mice caused the elevation of liver and spleen weight after 7-15 days and the treated mice with 20 mg/kg by Pentostam and Allupurinol for 10 and 15 days caused elevation of liver and spleen weight, whereas the treated mice with 20 mg\kg for 20 days restored the liver and spleen weight near to normalization. The treated mice with 40-100 mg\kg from Melia azedarach and 60-100 mg\kg from Citrus colocynthis caused depletion of the average liver and spleen weight in comparison to the control positive. Histological examination of liver sections revealed that high concentration of two aqueous fruits extract returns the liver tissues towards the normalization. Among the most important histopathologcal results: In positive control scattered necrosis, lymphatic infiltration, proliferation of macrophages and with a variable number of leishman bodies were observed. In 20 mg/kg Pentostam-allupurinol for 10 days: multifocal necrosis, presence of Kupffer cells and macrophages colonized with leishman bodies, while in same concentration but for 20 days sinusoid dilataion, scattered multifocal necrosis were observed.In a concentration of M. azadarach 20 mg/kg : hyperplasia of phagocytic cells containing leishman bodies were seen, while in 40 mg/kg focal necrosis and inflammatory cells were revealed, but in 60-100 mg/kg lymphatic infiltration, few mixed inflammatory cells infiltration were observed. In concentration of C. colocynthis 20 mg/kg central vein dilatation, multicemal necrosis, diffuse lymphatic infiltration and the presence leishman bodies can be distinguished, while in 40 mg/kg multifocal necrosis, diffuse lymphatic infiltration and the presence of leishman bodies were seen, in 60 mg/kg lymphatic infiltration only was distinguished, while in 80-100 mg/kg liver return to normal histology.